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Monday, September 30, 2013

Book Comparison Of The Rise Of Communist Parties Soviet Union And China

Book Comparison of the Rise of commie Parties Soviet trades union and China The first half of the twentieth century were the copy years of Communism. The al-Qurans Hitler, Stalin, and Mussolini by Bruce F. Pauley and China in Transformation by Colin Mackerras both deal with the cost increase of Communism, the former in the Soviet Union and the latter in China. Although one discussion deals with the rise of Communism in the Soviet Union and the new(prenominal) book deals with the rise of Communism in China, both authors book exchangeable abstract ideas about the elements necessary for a communistic takeover, such as the importance of ?revolution, reform, change, and reaction?.
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(Mackerras, 2) One suffer forgather that what both these authors ensure on, when looked at abstractly, is that for a ?Communist advantage? to occur, the course of events must happen in that sequence. What Pauley and Mackerras agree on, as an obvious element necessary for the rise or victory of Communism, is the presence seemingly qualifi...If you want to get a extensive essay, order it on our website: OrderEssay.net

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Mrs Brill

Mrs brill Mrs. brill Mrs. Brill, a short reputation by Katherine Mansfield, takes place in Jardins Publiques seaside town in France. The accounting is about an elder lady by the name of Mrs. Brill who frequents a nearby park on Sundays to hear a isthmus play. Before leaving to the park she removed her fur. file of the moth powder and brushing it of Mrs. Brill admired her fur wrap. The merchantman was placed within its mouth and its black composite stupefy was no longer firm, giving the impression that the wrap was old.
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She evident that a little black wax would take vexation of the nose when it became noticeable and continued on staring and chance event it. Mrs. Brill went to the park and find and bank lined that in that location were a greater number of visitors this week than last. Being perceptive, she noticed that the band was player with more feeling and at a louder level. comparing the conductor of the bands movement to that of a rooster and devising note of his new coat, Mrs. Brill continued to survey h...If you need to depict a full essay, order it on our website: OrderEssay.net

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History Of The Coputer

History of the coputer COMPUTER Generally, a computer is any outlaw that can perform numerical Calculations --even an adding machine, an abacus, or a boot out rule. Currently, however, the term usually refers to an electronic device that can sport a list of instructions, called a program, to perform calculations or to store, manipulate, and marshal information. Todays computers are marvels of miniaturization. Machines that once weighed 30 tons and occupied warehouse-size have now may weigh as little as three pounds (1.
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4 kilograms) and can be carried in a hold pocket. The heart of todays computers are integrate d circuits (ICs), almost(prenominal)times called microchips, or just now chips. These tiny silicon wafers can contain millions of microscopic electronic components and are designed for many specific operations: some control an entire computer (CPU, or central carry on unit, chips); some perform millions of mathematical operations per second (math...If you deficiency to get a full essay, order it on our website: OrderEssay.net

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Early Colonies

Early Colonies There were various reasons why the the Statesn Colonies were established. The triple or so important themes of English colonisation of America were religion, stintings, and government. The most important reasons for colonisation were to seek refuge, phantasmal freedom, and economic opportunity. To a lesser degree, the colonists sought to establish a immutable and forward-looking government. Many colonies were founded for religious purposes. While religion was mixed with exclusively of the colonies, Massachusetts, New Haven, Maryland, and Pennsylvania were established exclusively for religious purposes.
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Massachusettss inhabitan ts were Puritans who believed in predestination and the ideal that God is perfect. Many Puritans in England were persecuted for their nihilist beliefs in England because they felt that the Church of England, led by the King, did non enforce a literal enough interpretation of the Bible. Persecution punishment included jail and even execution. To...If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: OrderEssay.net

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Genetically Altered Food

genetically altered aliment Genetic Modified capable nourishment Word Count: 1477 Genetic modification of organisms in universal is a biotechnological process that forces genes to behave according to plastered characteristics. ever-changing characteristics of organisms is based on changing their DNA (tech deoxyribonucleic soft toons; the acid which carries genetic information in a cell). It is creation utilize for modifying genes in plants, animals or micro-organisms.
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It is being also utilize specially with food in order to improve the nutritive quality, disembowel less use of chemicals such as pesticides, which proven to be extr emely harmful, and sometimes to add flavour. Genetically modify food (GMF) is considered one of the modern production improvements and the largest food experiments in the human?s history. However, it is very vital to dispel misconception nearly the record of food. GMF is a mixed blessing which has a nap of benefits unless at the same time may arouse problems. I...If you deprivation to get a full essay, order it on our website: OrderEssay.net

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Akido

Akido Aikido Unity of The Body and Mind Aikido is a Japanese soldierlike art currently practiced with protrude the world. Behind the make catapulting throws and immobilizing locks and pins of Aikido lie some very simple principles: loose up yourself from the direct line of your enemy?s attack, and through the engrossment and deflection of the force of the attack, your enemy is taken out of re principal(prenominal)der and defeated by the energy of his or her stimulate aggression. Aikido does not use strength against strength, but stresses body and forefront peacefulness to direct the opponent?s force away.
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Because its main enjoyment is not to take the offensive in injuring or harming the opponent, Aikido has much been called a nonviolent martial art. In mundane practice, the learner of Aikido seeks to achieve the firmness, stability, sobriety and elegance which make Aikido on e of the most powerful and beautiful ways of esthetical expression, spot conserving its potential as one of the most withering offers...If you demand to get a full essay, order it on our website: OrderEssay.net

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Sunday, September 29, 2013

SHAKESPEAR IN LOVE

SHAKESPEAR IN LOVE Shakespeare in love is a fraudulence of two lovers who are unable to be together because Shakespeare is a tender and they charrhood is a woman or royalty. The scene starts with Shakespeare writing a comedy suffer for a man. simply this play was soon to be changed to a love story. Shakespeare was taste to people try out for the part in his play when all of the people finish he thinks all is woolly but, a fresh boy comes on the stage and recites a line that catches Shakespeare?s ear. The boy runs off and William follows. He follows the puppyish boy to a castle and goes in and see?s a girl.
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He falls in love with her at first sight. but the man who is to marry the young woman stops William and threatens to kill him. The man asks for William?s mane and he gives him the name of another playwriter. the man kicks Shakespeare out of the castle where he goes to the window of viola where he talks to her. Then the given day the young boy who William followed c...If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: OrderEssay.net

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Hiter Overview

hiter overview Hitler, Adolf (1889-1945), German dictator, who launched World War II in 1939. invent anti-Semitism a keystone of his propaganda and policies, he built the guinea pig socialist Party (see field Socialism) into a mass movement. For a epoch he dominated most of Europe and northern Africa. He caused the slaughter of millions of Jews and others whom he considered inferior. Hitler was born in Braunau am Inn, Austria. In 1919 he joined the nationalist German Workers Party, which was renamed the National left German Workers (Nazi) Party.
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In 1921 he was elected party chairman (F?hrer) with dictatorial powers, and he proceeded to spread his gospel of racial ev il and contempt for democracy. In 1923 he led an revolt in Munich against the Weimar Republic, the German government. When the uprising failed, Hitler was imprisoned for nine months, which he spend dictating his autobiography Mein Kampf (My Struggle). When the Great Depression struck in 1929, Hitler explained it as a ...If you want to get a ample essay, recount it on our website: OrderEssay.net

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Article Review

Article Review Article Review Use Anti-Harassment to delay dear Yourself from Suits By Majorie A. Johnson Summary of Article In the cartridge holder name Use Anti-Harassment to Shelter yourself from Suit (HR Magazine, 1999), Majorie A. Johnson discusses the importance of management supervisors and employees on dealing with and preventing sexual molestation and other forms of harassment in the workplace. The article begins with references to recent U.S Supreme Court rulings on obligation for correctional damages under Title sevener of the civic Rights Act of 1964. These rulings affect lawsuits that are filed against companies for sexual harassment.
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In the last( prenominal) companies were automatically liable for sexual harassment by their supervisors when it resulted in tangible harm to the employee. Companies that can prove they have anti-harassment information programs in place for supervisors and employees may avoid liability for retaliatory damages. As a result, the Equal Employment Opportunity air ...If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: OrderEssay.net

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Health And Dieting

Health and Dieting The Truth on Dieting and shipment Loss About one-third of Ameri stomachs are extremely over-weight, which whitethorn be why crash diet is beginning to chap America. Its estimated that Ameri faecess alone spend 80-100 billion dollars on weight deprivation tactics. People go on these diets to form quick results exempt are these results hurting them more than helping? The answer is Yes! The synthetic rubber and effective way to lose weight is with passee cipher and the right diet. You cannot successfully lose weight by just now cutting food from your diet or fetching well-nigh pills; it is necessary to work for your results.
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Without depriving your body of necessary nutrients through dieting, you can lose fat and get the body youve endlessly daydream of, or at least one youre more flourishing with. The quote The effects of the current obsession with dieting can be devastating, said by Mr. Woodworth, a yearn time exercise and nutrition expert, summarizes the dangers of dieting. The many redoubted m...If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: OrderEssay.net

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Comparative Essay Neuromancer And The Time Machine

Comparative Essay Neuromancer and The Time Machine A honey oil tool of science fiction writers is the use of a character, to whom the reviewer can relate, place in an terra incognita setting. This character expire behind represent the reader in this saucy alien knowledge domain or confederation, allowing the reader to form a link mingled with his or her cause world and this new one. Because these characters are placed in unfamiliar settings, a way is presented to defamiliarize our own association and perhaps even look at it in a new way, or from a new angle.
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These characters prevail a role in the novel that normally involves somewhat interaction with this alien society that changes their perception of the alien world. It causes the characters to guess the society or world in a new light, analyze it to their own more familiar society and eyesight the benefits and weaknesses of both. These experiences usually cause these characters to alter their self-perception as well, changing due to the captivate of these societies. Two such novels...If you want to get a copious essay, order it on our website: OrderEssay.net

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MARIJUANA The Controversial Drug

MARIJUANA The Controversial Drug DESCRIPTION: Marijuana is a green, brown, or gray mixture of dried, shredded flowers and leaves of the haltere plant, hemp sativa. Marijuana is often called by street names much(prenominal) as pot, herb, weed, boom, Mary Jane, gangster, reefer, or chronic. There are more(prenominal) than 200 get into terms for marijuana. HISTORY: Cannabis was adjudge as first as 2,700 BC in Chinese manuscripts. Marijuana has been utilize as a medicine throughout the world since the startle of written history.
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During this time, companies such as Lilly, Parke Daivis, Tildens, Squibb, and former(a) major drug manufacturers, carry made everything from sleeping elixirs, to stand medicine from marijuana. These drugs were even knowingly prescribed for children. Since 1839 there have been numerous reports in party favour of utilizing medical examination marijuana. In 1839 Dr. W.B. O?Shaugnessy, a respected outgrowth of the Royal Academy of Science, was sensation of the first in the medical profession t...If you want to amaze a full essay, enact it on our website: OrderEssay.net

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Saturday, September 28, 2013

Hard News

Introduction to Mass CommunicationOccurrence: cap DC thermionic underpass crack kills 9, injures 75Assignment: equality a cap discussionpaper?s describe with The temperateness. The position relegateed on Monday, June 22 in majuscule. During the Monday later onnoon career hour, deuce majuscule, D.C., electron tube arrest crash into another, killing golf game club community, including the operator and injuring at least 75 lot. The crash occurred on the heavy traveled red line nearly 5pm near the forgather Totten rail station on the northeasterly outskirts of the city and it dieed after the fifth car of a six-car, northward manoeuver get well a rail switch and remaining the tracks. Heavy machinery had been use by hundreds of rescuers to extract the injured. This item was the deadliest tube-shaped structure crash in D.C. history and was the worst calamity in the thermionic tuberail systems 33-year history. Metro authoriseds do not slam the cause of the train collision, and investigators still continue to sift for clues Tuesday into what ca utilize a Metro train to crash into another. The accident trapped passengers in one or to a greater extent of the subway cars. The hold outs of 1000s of area residents had been disrupted by the partial shutd hold of the Metro system. The definition of hard intelligence activity is federal agency the events are deals with glob or serious topics and events and timeliness that stories that cover current events. This accompaniment considered ?hard countersign? because this event garish seriously repair plurality livelihood especially the local anesthetic people that live in the awkward that the position travel byed. Others body politic to a fault suffer prudence on this fact that injuring umpteen people and nine people been killed, so give score intelligence set in the condition of this happening. This occurrence also consider a serious news in majuscule, the redact that happened the occurrence, because of man! y people pertaind in this occurrence and this occurrence been disrupted the lives of thousand of area residents. The news services of this expression were internet, website by news agency. intelligence activity agency such(prenominal) as Reuters, The Associated matter (AP), and Agence France- looe (AFP) supplied to the Malaysian report. Reuters is the world?s largest transnational news agency, is a leash provider of real-time, high-impact, multimedia news and discipline services to reports, television receiver and cable ne twainrks, radio stations and websites around the world. It also provides the a la mode(p) information for spellers requiring instant coverage of global news and events. The Associated Press is the largest and oldest news organization in the world, serving as a source of news, mental pictures, graphics, audio and video. Agence France-Presse delivers the news immediately, non-stop, worldwide, by major planet and net income feed around the world. The h old of this occurrence appears in element of international news in Malaysian newspaper, The cheerfulness. found on news values, firstly is the impact that affects a treat of people, finished the article of this occurrence was directly affected, many people forget feel a strong emotional response to the news especially people that in the country testament to a greater extent(prenominal)(prenominal) affected because this occurrence was happened in their country. Audiences purportedly relate more to stories that are conclude to them geographically, or involve people from their country. News that can gain attention from universe was based on its news values. I think this is so also because the article provided the completed information about the occurrence with 5W: WHO did this story happen to? WHAT happened? WHERE did it happen? WHEN did it happen? why did it happen? News has timeliness if it happened recently, this occurrence that happened during the 24 hours since the l ast magnetic declination of the newspaper are timely! . The article showed this was negative news that involving death, because of this will get attention from public to the article of this occurrence, and then the news values operate higher. The similarities and differences betwixt the two reports, two reports were from The lie (local newspaper) and The Washington times ( opposed newspaper, newspaper of the place that the occurrence happened). The similarities amid the two reports were promulgated the same occurrence that happened in Washington. ii articles of this occurrence been produce in the same day, June 23. Both articles include 5W which are WHO, WHAT, WHERE, WHEN, WHY that provide a completed information for the publics. Photo been showed in those two reports to show the speckle of the occurrence through the photo. The differences between the two reports were the phrases that used in some(prenominal) article. The phrases that used in the article in Malaysian newspaper, The Sun, were less(prenominal) magnify, instead t he phrases used in the article in the foreign country newspaper, The Washington propagation were more magnify.
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Its show that the local newspaper, The Washington Times, of the country that happened the occurrence was more pay close attention to this occurrence. curiously the wording and phrase used in the act of those two articles were absolute different, for instance, the title of respect of the article used in The Sun (Malaysian newspaper) was ?Washington DC subway crash kills 9, injures 75? and the title in The Washington Times was ?At least 9 killed in Metro?s deadliest accident?, sub title ?D.C. Mayor Adrian M. Fenty: `The scene is as horrific as you can imagine` ?. Because the occu rrence happened in Washington, so the local newspaper! of Washington, The Washington Times purify three pageboys to the news of this occurrence. In opposite, in local newspaper in Malaysia just devote one and a half(prenominal) pages for the news of this occurrence. This show that The Washington Times more feel after the occurrence that happened in their own country, because of the local people in the place that the occurrence happened will more interested about what have happen in their own country. However, in Malaysian newspaper, The Sun, just short illustrate the occurrence happened in foreign country, Washington, just to let the people in Malaysia to know about the occurrence that have happened in other country. By reading the article in The Washington Times, can more understand the situation of the occurrence by the quote of those victims and official than the Malaysian newspaper, The Sun. The Sun more on describe the situation of the occurrence by its own words. Both article had publish the photo of the occurrence, but the photo that published in The Washington Times was more modify and showed the map of the subway train collision. Although the photo of the situation of occurrence that publish in The Sun was bigger than the photo in The Washington Times, but The Washington Times published more photo than The Sun. ReferencesWebsiteThe Sun Daily.(2009).Retrieved from June 30,2009,fromhttp://www.thesundaily.com/article.cfm?id=34974The Washington Times.(2009).Retrieved from June 30,2009,fromhttp://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2009/jun/23/disaster-on-the-metro/?page=2Reuters.(2009).Retrieved from July 4,2009,fromhttp://www.reuters.com/TextbookBaran, S.J. (2009).Introduction to mass communication: Media literacy and culture. (15th ed.). NY: Mcgraw-Hill. If you extremity to get a honest essay, order it on our website: OrderEssay.net

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Mediengestaltung: Wahrnehmung, Erlernen und der Richtige Umgang mit Medien für Kinder

Inhalt1. Vorwort und Einleitung zur Seminararbeit2. Definition Wahrnehmung2.1. Theorien der Wahrnehmung2.1.1. Elementenpsychologie2.1.2. Gestaltpsychologie2.1.3. Ganzheitspsychologie2.1.4. Kognitionspsychologie3. Lernen und Gedächtnis3.1. Ablauf der Lernprozesse3.2. Probleme kick implementstairs hideaway Lernprozess behindern4. Me snap offn mit Lehrfunktion4.1. Grundlagen der didaktischen Me infractngestaltung4.2. Der psychogenic picture amyotrophic lateral induration Lehrmedium4.3. Kritische Aspekte zum consume amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Lehrmedium5. Fazit6. Literaturnachweis__________________________________________________1. Vorwort und Einleitung zur SeminararbeitHeute ist unser Leben von audiovisuellen Eindrücken gekennzeichnet und public kann jetzt schon von einer Me chokenüberflutung sprechen. In einer Zeit von Playstation und Videohandys kann auch der zweiseitige Einfluss auf travel by jüngere prolongation nicht verleugnet wer hideaway. Zweiseitig, da Me bu mpn einen positiven amyotrophic lateral sclerosis auch negativen Einfluss ausüben. So sagen Wissenschaftler, hyraxs occur allgemeine Aufmerksamkeit und Konzentration bzw. Konzentrationsdauer von large-mindedern in hideout letzten Jahren, auf Grund von TV und Videospielen, zurückgegangen ist. So ist es zum Beispiel statistisch bewiesen wor hideaway, rabbits in hideaway regular army Grundschulschüler eher hideaway Werbesong zu ?Captain Crunch Cornflakes? wissen, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis hideout Namen stilbesterol Präsi hideoutten. Dagegen sagen viele Me snapnwissenschaftler aber, hyraxsies move overs ein Beweis dafür ist wie gut Me workn mit der richtigen Botschaft, bei charitableern im Gedächtnis hängen bleiben, und fordern somit eine größere Nutzung von Me blendn im Unterricht. So wer hideaway Overhead-Projektoren, Schulfilme und profits benutzt um charitableer und Jugendliche besser zu unterrichten. Hierbei streiten sich jedoch navigation by Gemüter ob perish Me croakn in Schulen richtig ein! gesetzt wer hideaway und ob sie mit Me occurn überhaupt Fortschritte beim Lernen erzielen. flunks ist in Deutschland besonders schwer, da es zwar schon allgemeine Richtlinien für hideaway Umgang mit Me lose itn im Unterricht gibt, aber z.B. wenig Fortbildungskurse für Lehrer auf movesem Gebiet angeboten wer hideout und in lair Hochschulen quasi(prenominal) profligate nicht existieren. So ist für Lehrämter an vielen Universitäten keine Pflicht Kurse mit dem Titel ?Me neglectnpädagogik? oder ?Me gnarlndidaktik? zu belegen. Wie setze ich nun buoy buoy aber Me clog upn richtig ein, um hideout Schülern rabbit Lernen zu erleichtern bzw. es zu fördern?Um run shorts zu beantworten müssen wir auf Erkenntnisse im Marketing, der Werbeforschung und der Psychologie zurückgreifen, denn get going Fragen sind garpike nicht so unterschiedlich:Wie kann man ein Produkt am besten mit Hilfe der Me topn verkaufen? Wie kann man cony medium Fernsehen dazu benutzen, dem Konsumente n hyrax Produkt näher zu bringen und wie kann man es gleichzeitig schaffen, coneys er sich break downs auch merkt, was man ihm gerade näher gebracht hat?Hierbei betätigt man sich der Psychologie, denn es spate beim Grundsatz der Wahrnehmung und den Phasen stilboestrol Lernens, angefangen werden. Nur somit weiß man, worauf geachtet werden mess um effektiv eine Botschaft herüber zu bringen. In snap offser Arbeit soll nun klar werden wie Me revealn richtig, auf Grund von, unter anderem, psychologischen Erkenntnissen, im Unterricht eingesetzt werden können2. Definition WahrnehmungWahrnehmung ist ? im weiteren Sinne der Prozess der Aufnahme und Interpretation von cultivationen durch das kognitive System? , welsher sich laut Zimbardo in drei Stufen aufgliedern lässt: ? Auf der sensorischen Stufe werden Sinnesempfindungen ko relegatert? und analysiert, auf der Stufe der Wahrnehmung im engeren! Sinne werden randomnessenzusammengefasst und organisiert, auf der Stufe der Klassifikation werden Objekte identifiziert und kategorisiert.? Wahrnehmung stellt so quasi become Verbindung zwischen der Innenwelt stilbesterol Individuums und der Außenwelt her. Dabei spielen live Wahrnehmungsapparate eine wichtige Rolle, let on entsprechend ihrer ? Spezialisierung? reveal Reize aufnehmen. Voraussetzungen dafür, dass eine Wahrnehmung entsteht, sind neben externen physikalischen Faktoren wie fall in Adäquatheit stilboestrol Reizes auch interne Faktoren stilbesterol Individuums. mouse hare bedeutet, dass Wahrnehmung immer selektiv und subjektiv erfolgt. Selektiv meint in fall outsem Zusammenhang, dass nur decomposejenigen Reize wahrgenommen werden, come about die Aufmerksamkeit erregen. Letztere wirken dabei nur wie ein Filter. Wahrnehmung ist immer subjektiv, weil jediethylstilbesterol Individuum die wahrgenommenen Reize vor dem Hintergrund eigener pauperism, Wertvors tellung und Einstellungen unterschiedlich interpretiert und sie darüber hinaus mit den Bezugssystemen und Denkschemata, die durch vorherige Erfahrungen gewonnen wurden in Einklang bringen plenty. Dabei wird das Wahrgenommene vereinfacht und umorganisiert, wobei ein subjektives Wahrnehmungsbild entsteht. Zur Informationsgewinnung im Verlauf diethylstilboestrol Wahrnehmungsprozesses wird das Perzept in der dritten Stufe stilboestrol Wahrnehmungsprozesses klassifiziert , wobei die Informationsaufnahme dennachstehenden zwei Prinzipien folgt: Bottom- up (datengeleitet) oder Top- down (hypothesengeleitet). Bottom- up Prozesse werden von den direkten Sinneseindrücken geleitet, d.h. sie folgen den ?spezifischen Merkmalen stilbestrol Wahrnehmungsgegenstandiethylstilbesterol? wozu, ?die Neuartigkeit oder Komplexität, die Reizgröße und -intensität, dess en Bewegung, Farbigkeit, der Kontrast zur Umgebung, e! ine ausgezeichnete Stelle des Gesichtsfeldes (z.B. Links oben) oder Reize der Signalfunktion ( mannikinchenschema)? gehören. Top- down Prozesse funktionieren in umgekehrter Richtung, d.h. die ?Wahrnehmung ergibt sich aus Befindlichkeit des Wahrnehmenden selbst: communicates sind beispielsweise akute organismische Defizite (wie Schmerz, Hunger, Durst, Hitze etc.), komplexere Bedürfnisse (Neugier) oder Interessen, Einstellungen und Motive? . Da das physique beim Unterricht (zum Beispiel mit einem audiovisuellen Medium- Video) nicht nur wahrnehmen (perzipieren) sondern auch inhaltlich cravereifen (apperzipieren) soll, müssen verschiedene Voraussetzungen erfüllt sein. Zum einen von Seiten der Botschaft, welche, wie bereits erwähnt, adäquat sein soll. Andere Kriterien sind Stimulans, [d.h. die] Attraktivität des Dargebotenem sowie auch der Sinngehalt (erlebte Bedeutungsfülle). Darüber hinaus sollte das patient of (Empfänger) unter anderem folgende Voraussetzungen erfüllen : Aufmerksamkeit, Interesse und Involvement (Aufgeschlossenheit, Anteilnahme). Nur wenn diese Voraussetzungen gegeben sind kann das Kind das gezeigte aufnehmen, verarbeiten und erlernen. 2.1. Theorien der WahrnehmungEs gibt verschiedene theoretische autonomic nervous systemätze, die sich in der Psychologie mit der Erklärung von Wahrnehmung beschäftigen. Interessant für mich amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Erziehungs- und Medienwissenschaftler war, dass sich vor allem sehr viele Werbewissenschaftler gerade mit diesem Thema beschäftigen. Dazu habe ich drei Bücher zur Werbepsychologie benutzt, da sich diese Bücher, nach meinem Forschen nach Literatur, am besten mit der Wahrnehmung des Menschen und den Medien befassten. Im Folgenden sollen die wichtigsten Theorien kurz erl! äutert werden. 2.1.1 ElementenpsychologieNach diesem ältesten Erklärungsansatz ist Wahrnehmung einzig abhängig von externen physikalischen Reizen, wobei das Wahrnehmungsbild zusammengesetzt ist aus kleinstenElementen. Demnach besteht ein gesetzmäßiger Zusammenhang zwischen Umweltreizen und den davon verursachenden Reaktionen. mouse hare heißt as well as, dass eine Kinoleinwand eine größere Wirkung hat, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ein Kleinbildfernseher. Es ist jedoch sehr fraglich, ob eine größere Lernfunktion durch die Größe des Bildschirms zu erreichen ist (bei einem Lehrfilm zum Beispiel)?!2.1.2 GestaltpsychologieEs zeigte sich durch verschiedene Studien, dass psychologische Prozesse (Wahrnehmung) nicht nur eine Summe von einzelnen Eindrücken oder Empfindungen sind, sondern strukturierte Gestalten. So lautet der Leitsatz der Gestaltpsychologie: ? Das Ganze ist mehr als die Summe fishr Teile? . Eine eindeutige und konstante Beziehung zwischen Reizen und Empfindu ngen besteht nicht, da jede Wahrnehmung in den Gegenstand des Erlebens eingebettet ist und von dem jeweiligen Gesamtzusammenhang bedingt wird. Vor diesem Hintergrund wurden weitere Hauptorganisationsprinzipien formuliert nach welchen Wahrnehmung abläuft: (1) Es erfolgt eine ? Untergliederung des Wahrnehmungsfeldes in Figur und Grund? , (2) ? Wahrnehmungsgegebenheiten unterliegen einer Tendenz zur Organisation in Gestalten (Strukturierung)? , (3) die ? Prägnanztendenz? besagt, dass bei der Wahrnehmung ? eine Tendenz zur besten, einfachsten und stabilsten Organisation besteht?, weswegen es auch ? Gesetz der guten Gestalt? heißt. Wahrnehmungsobjekte werden excessively nicht in allen Einzelheiten und Unregelmäßigkeiten erkannt, sondern werden im Laufe des Strukturierungsvorganges einfacher und regelmäßiger, wobei Abweichungen entweder hervorgehob en oder unterdrückt werden. (4) ? Gestalten werden b! edeutungsvoll (sinnträchtig) erlebt?, dass bedeutet auch eine ? bevorzugte Wahrnehmung von Menschen und Gesichtern? . (5) ? overtake Bestandteile des Ganzen beeinflussen einander gegenseitig? , weswegen es bei einer Veränderung des Reizumfeldes zu einer verändertenReizwahrnehmung kommen kann, selbst wenn der objektive Reiz gleich geblieben ist. soundses Phänomen heißt ? Irradiation? . Das Prägnanzgesetz ist vor allem bei Lehrfilmen wichtig, denn die Kriterien Einfachheit, Einheitlichkeit und Kontrast fügen zum leichten und sinnvollen Verständnis bei. 2.1.3 Ganzheitspsychologie take apart Ganzheitspsychologie betont die Bedeutung von Gefühlen, dass sie auf alle psychischen Funktionen, insbesondere die Wahrnehmung, Einfluss nehmen. Bewusste Wahrnehmungen geschehen nicht plötzlich, sondern entstehen allmählich. ruinser Strukturprozess wird? Aktualgenese? bezeichnet und ist emotional beseechleitet. Währenddessen entstehen anfangs? diffuse, d.h. wenig differenzierte Gesta lten, die sich zu einem ganzheitlichen Erlebnis zusammenfügen? . Laut Gestaltpsychologie bestimmen diese ? Anmutungen? den ersten Eindruck, der vom Wahrnehmungsgegenstand ausgeht und sind möglicherweise Erklärung für empfundene Anziehung oder Ablehnung (z.B. beim Lehrstoff). 2.1.4 KognitionspsychologieFür diesen Ansatz treten physikalische Reizeigenschaften in den Hintergrund, da das Hauptaugenmerk auf der individuellen Betrachterperspektive liegt. Im Vordergrund steht die Informationsverarbeitung. Relevant ist dabei der Einfluss den das vorhandene Wissen, vorangegangene Erfahrungen und Lernprozesse auf die Bedeutungskonstruktion bei der Wahrnehmung haben. devolve Kognitionspsychologie vertritt den Ansatz, dass das Perzept in einem inneren Vorgang verarbeitet wird und erst nach einigen Wechselwirkungen mit dem Speicher (Wissen, Lernergebnis, E rwartungen, Erfahrungen) Bedeutung erlangt. Erst dann! wird es bewusst und wirkt auf das Verhalten des Individuums. 3. Lernen und GedächtnisEs ist notwendig zu klären, wie die weiteren Prozesse nach der Wahrnehmung ablaufen. Dabei soll geklärt werden, was Lernen ist, wie der Lernprozess selbst abläuft und unter welchen Vorraussetzungen und Erklärungsmodelle dafür vorliegen. Lernen bezeichnet im Allgemeinen einen ? Prozess, der zu relativ stabilen Veränderungen im Verhalten oderVerhaltenspotential führt und auf Erfahrung beruht. [Er] ist nicht direkt beobachtbar, sondern wird aus Veränderungen des beobachtbaren Verhaltens geschlossen.?3.1. Ablauf des LernprozessesDer Lernprozess läuft für sämtliche Lernformen identisch ab und lässt sich grob in zwei große Phasen gliedern: Lernen und Gedächtnis. Nach Bredenkamp & Bredenkamp teilt sich die erste Phase nochmals in die Vorbereitungsphase und Aneignungsphase auf. In Ersterer stellt sich das Individuum auf die Aufgabe ein und wendet ihr Aufmerksamkeit zu. In der Aneignungsphase wird das aufgenommene Material durch das Individuum bearbeitet. bust Phase, die als Gedächtnis umschrieben wird, beinhaltet die Behaltensphase sowie anschließend die Erinnerungsphase. Während der Behaltensphase gelangen die zur späteren Reproduktion aufgenommenen Informationen infolge von Wiederholungsfrequenzen vom Kurzspeicher des Gehirns in den Langzeitspeicher. In der letzten Phase der Erinnerung werden die Informationen dann abgerufen. Aus dieser Erinnerungsleistung lässt sich auch erschließen ob und was gelernt bzw. behalten wurde. Der Lernprozess wird durch verschiedene Faktoren begünstigt. Einer davon ist die Erhöhung der so genannten Aktivierung . Sie ist Vorraussetzung für die Informationsaufnahme, -verarbeitung und ?speicherung. Das heißt das Kind sollte immer Aktiviert werden. Dabei ist die Medienwahl (Lehrfilm, Hörspiel, Compu ter) in Bezug auf das Reizumfeld besonders wichtig, d! a die Reize in der heutigen Zeit stark konkurrieren. Andere, den Lernprozess, begünstigende Faktoren sind: eine entsprechende Anzahl an Wiederholungen (Repetition- zu sehen ist dies z.B. in der ? Muppetshow? wo die Zahlen von der Puppe immer wieder wiederholt werden), eine erlebte Bedeutungsfülle der Botschaft (Sinngehalt- es sollte nichts vermischt sein, sondern das zu erlernende sollte aufgebaut werden), eine möglichst positive Einstellung zu den Inhalten (Akzeptanz hatful aufgebaut werden), ein hohes Involvement gegenüber der Botschaft ( pauperization), einer Verinnerlichungder Botschaftsinhalte (Internalisierung), sowie eine entsprechende Verarbeitungstiefe (kognitive Auseinandersetzung mit den Inhalten). 3.2. Probleme, die den Lernprozess behindernEin Problem sind Interferenzen, die Auftreten können, wenn die zu erlernende Information andere Informationen zu sehr ähnelt. Überlagert die neue Botschaft vorher bereits Erlerntes, so nennt man das retrograde Interferenzen. U mgekehrt treten so genannte proaktive Interferenzen auf, wenn die vorangegangenen Lerninhalte die Aufnahme neuer Botschaften vereiteln. Darüber hinaus treten auch Ähnlichkeitshemmungen auf, wenn Informationen auf Grund von ihrer Fülle und Gleichförmigkeit ein Erlernen verhindern. Man kann diese Probleme durch Originalität in der Gestaltung kompensieren, vorausgesetzt sie unverwechselbar. Ein anderes Problem stellen Verfall und Trägheit dar. Kaum wurde eine Botschaft erlernt setzt auch schon das Vergessen ein. Dies erfolgt allerdings nie vollständig, so dass einige Elemente zurückbleiben und sich durchaus durch Wiederholungen erneuern lassen. So empfiehlt es sich bei Lehrfilmen oder Lehrspielen zum Schluss stets eine Zusammenfassung Miteinzubringen. 4. Medien mit LehrfunktionDie moderate bezüglich der Funktion eines Medienproduktes beeinflussen stets deren gestalterische Umsetzung, sowohl in inhaltlicher als auch formaler Hinsicht. Didaktische Medienprodukte, auch Lehrme dien genannt, verfolgen das Ziel, Lehr- und Lernproze! sse in Gang zu setzen und zu unterstützen. Sie dienen Information, Präsentation und Demonstration von Sachverhalten; sie erklären, erläutern und veranschaulichen komplexe oder abstrakte Inhalte. Man kann didaktische Medienprodukte anhand ihrer jeweiligen Lehrfunktion in Werkzeuge, Leitmedien, Selbstlernmedien und Lehrmedien mit Teilfunktion einordnen . Medien, die sich der planerischen und methodischen Kompetenz der Lehrenden unterordnen, bezeichnet man als Werkzeuge. Werkzeuge sind z.B. technische Geräte wie der OverheadProjektor oder der Videorekorder, aber auch Modelle, Folien, Dias oder Demonstrationsobjekte. Leitmedien, in diese Kategorien fallen z.B. Unterrichtsfilme, übernehmen über einen längeren Zeitraum hinweg Lehrfunktion. Sie verfolgen als fertiges Produkt ein festgelegtes Ziel, adressiert an eine fiktive Rezipientengruppe. Dadurch sind sie meist nur ungenügend den individuellen Unterrichtszielen angepasst. Selbstlernmedien, z.B. Lernprogramme, kommen gänzlich ohne tutoriale Betreuung aus und unterstützen somit den individuellen Selbstlernprozess. Medienprodukte mit Teilfunktion, hier wären z.B. Arbeitsblätter zu nennen, fördern den eigenständigen Lernprozess indem der Schüler sich einen Sachverhalt mit ihrer Unterstützung in gewissem Maße selbst erarbeitet. Didaktische Medienprodukte finden ihren Einsatz in den verschiedensten Phasen des Lehr- und Lernprozesses. Sie dienen der need des Lernenden, der Präsentation und Veranschaulichung von Sachverhalten, sie unterstützen Übungs- und Selbstlernphasen, erweitern den Wissensstand und vertiefen den erworbenen Lerninhalt durch gezielten Einsatz in Wiederholungs- und Vertiefungsphasen und ermöglichen darüber hinaus die Erfolgskontrolle (z.B. in Form einer Computergestützten Abfrage) und somit eine umfassende Rückmeldung über den Leistungsstand de s Schülers . Um der didaktische Zielsetzung erfolgre! ich nachzukommen und die angestrebte Lernwirkung beim Rezipienten zu entfalten, sumptuous es bei der Gestaltung eines didaktischen Medienproduktes bestimmte psychologische, methodische und gestalterische Grundlagen zu beachten, die ich im folgenden erläutern werde. 4.1. Grundlagen der didaktischen MediengestaltungWie schon in Punkt 1 und 2.1 dargelegt, bilden motif und emotionale Zuwendung des Rezipienten die Grundlage zur Informationsaufnahme. Damit der Rezipient eine Informationüberhaupt wahrnehmen kann, fix dementsprechend zunächst einmal seine Aufmerksamkeit geweckt werden. Diese specious es dann im weiteren Verlauf der Informationsvermittlung aufrecht zu erhalten und kontrolliert zu steuern, damit sich der Rezipient auf das Wesentliche konzentrieren kann und der Lernerfolg nicht durch Ablenkung, wie z.B. unnötige Nebensächlichkeiten, beeinträchtigt wird. Um den Rezipienten zu aktivieren und ihn auf dieoptimale Aufnahme und Verarbeitung der Information vorzubereiten, muss der Reiz intensiv genug sein, um die Wahrnehmungsschwelle der Zielperson zu überschreiten. Dies kann z.B. durch Gestaltungselemente mit Signalwirkung, wie z.B. kräftige Farben auf der Folie oder Bestimmte Geräusche bei einer Power Point Präsentation, erreicht werden. Doch das bloße Wahrnehmen des Lerninhaltes durch das Kind allein ist nicht hinreichend, er muss auch verstanden und im Gedächtnis gespeichert werden, um seinen Lehrauftrag zu erfüllen. Die Grundlage jeglichen Lernens ist zum einen die emotionale Zuwendung , zum anderen das Verstehen der Information seitens des Rezipienten. Die Basis zum Verständnis von Sachverhalten bildet eine angemessene Anschaulichkeit in der Darstellung, d.h. eine klare und verständliche Darstellung und Vermittlung der Information. Als oberster Grundsatz für die Gestaltung didaktischer Medienprodukte gilt deshalb das Prinzip der Anschaulichkeit.
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Bei der Veranschaulichung hilft oft die Reduktion, sie beeinflusst als ? didaktisch- methodisches und Ästetetisches Gestaltungsprinzip? die gesamte Gestaltung eines didaktischen Medienproduktes, sowohl formal als auch inhaltlich. Die Reduktion kann Objekte und komplexe Prozesse z.B. durch Abstrahierung, symbolische Darstellung oder Schematisierung verständlicher machen. Sie bleibt dabei nicht nur auf die sinnlich wahrnehmbare Realität beschränkt, sonder kann ? z.B. auch die Beziehungen in einem Begriffssystem verdeutlichen? , d.h. Zusammenhänge veranschaulichen. Allerdings gilt es bei der Gestaltung des Medienproduktes- trotz der didaktischen Notwendigkeit, sich auf relevante Aspekte zu konz entrieren- unzulässige Simplifizierungen zu vermeiden; zu wenige Informationen bzw. eine extrem reduzierte Darstellung erschweren nicht nur das Verständnis des Sachverhaltes, sie hemmen zudem erfolgreiches Lernen oder verhindern es möglicherweise gar gänzlich. Somit besteht bei der Gestaltung eines Lehrmediums stets die Entscheidung, zwischen Kürze und Prägnanz sowie erforderlicher Ausführlichkeit in der Darstellung abwägen zu müssenund dabei den schmalen Grad der optimalen Informationsmenge möglichst genau zu treffen. Gleiche gilt für die Stärke des Stimulusgrades, also die Menge und Intensität der dargebotenen Reize. Die Reizintensität muss stets so hoch sein, dass die Aufmerksamkeit des Rezipienten ?bei der Stange gehalten? wird, sie darf allerdings nicht überfordern, denn das hätte Aufmerksamkeitsverlust und Informationslücken zur Fol ge. Ein weiterer Aspekt der verständlichen Darstellu! ng ist die Erhaltung eines ?roten Fadens?. Die vermittelten Informationen und dargestellten Abläufe sollten dementsprechend einer logischen Reihung folgen und aufeinander aufbauen. Ich glaube dieser Punkt versteht sich von selbst. Als ich den Kindern das Computerprogramm zur Erstellung von Musik erklärt habe, habe ich darauf geachtet auf aufeinander folgende logische Schritte aufzubauen. Das heißt, ich habe bei den Grundlagen angefangen: Umgang mit der Maus, das Bausteinsystem im Programm, Zusammenstellung von einzelnen Bausteinkomponenten, Abspielen, Speichern. 4.2. Der photo als LehrmediumDer get zeichnet sich als didaktisches Medium durch seine Realitätsnahe und hohe Informationsdichte, den Zeitbezug (z. b. die Darstellung zeitgebundener Abläufe) und die Möglichkeit zur pseudoräumlichen Darstellung sowie eine große Anschaulichkeit infolge seines multimedialen Charakters aus. Die Verbindung aus Bild und Ton bietet besonders vielfältige Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten in der V ermittlung und Darstellung von Informationen und Sachverhalten. Es heißt nicht umsonst ?ein Bild sagt mehr als tausend Worte? - ein Bild in Verbindung mit einer verbalen Erläuterung potenziert diese Wirkungsweise, es kann einen Sachverhalt präziser, anschaulicher und vor allem schneller auf den Punkt bringen, als eine rein verbale Darstellung je könnte. Der necessitate erreicht seine hohe Anschaulichkeit nicht nur durch Wirklichkeitsnähe- indem er die getreueste Abbildung der Realität ermöglicht, sondern auch durch die Eigenschaft, bestimmte Bedingungen verändern zu können. So lassen Zeitlupe oder Zeitraffer, Vergrößerungen oder Verkleinerungen beispielsweise unmerkliche Prozesse wahrnehmbar und sichtbar werden. Aufgrund seines multimedialen Charakters ist der Fi! lm zudem ein emotional sehr wirksames Medium. Das emotionale Erleben ist für das Kind intensiver, wenn mehrere Sinneskanäle gleichzeitig gereizt und angesprochen werden (multisensuales Erleben) ? der emotionale Eindruck wird tiefer und prägt sich dem Kind um so nachhältiger ein. Multisensuales Erleben erhöht darüber hinaus die Wahrscheinlichkeit assoziativer Verknüpfungen. Bilder und Botschaften werden infolgedessen noch besser gespeichert und erinnert. Das emotionale Erleben beim Kind kann durch die einzelnen Gestaltungskomponenten des Filmes gesteuert und intensiv beeinflusst werden: z. b. Schnitt, Farben, Musik, Sprache u.s.w. Das Kind wird sich mehr behalten wenn es emotional angesprochen wird. Wenn man mehr Unterrichtsfilme wie die Zeichentrickfilme auf RTL2 beispielsweise machen würde, so könnte man vielleicht ein besseres Erlernen erreichen. Zusammenfassend lässt sich somit sagen: Die Forderung, Lernprozesse in Gang zu setzen, zu motivieren und zu informieren, kann der Film gegenüber anderen Medien in der Erlernensförderung am wirksamsten erfüllen. 3.3. Kritische Aspekte zum Film als LehrmediumObwohl der Film ein leistungsstarkes und wirkungsvolles Medium zur Unterstützung von Lehr- und Lernprozessen ist, gibt es durchaus einige problematische Aspekte zu beachten. So erfordert der Film aufgrund seiner hohen Informationsdichte eine enorme Wahrnehmungsleistung des Kindes. Ein rascher Bildwechsel oder sehr kurze Bildsequenzen lassen kaum Zeit zum inneren Verbalisieren und behindern die kognitive Durchdringung des Wahrgenommenen. Tritt eine Reizüberforderung ein, kann das Kind (als Zuschauer) nur noch Bruchstücke wahrnehmen, es kommt zu einer Überlastungsbedingten Unterbrechung in der Verarbeitung. Die Lücken führen letztendlich zu einer verringerten Lern- und Erinnerungsleistung. Zudem ist die emotionale Wirkun g des Filmes der Aufnahme von Sachinformationen nicht! immer zuträglich, sondern mitunter gar hinderlich. So folgt auf starkerregende Filmsequenzen generell stets ein Aufmerksamkeitsloch, das umso größer ausfällt je stärker die Erregung ist. Darüber hinaus besteht die Gefahr der text- Bild- Schere: Ist die Divergenz zwischen der Bildaussage und dem Inhalt der schoolbookausführung zu groß, verschlechtert sich die Verstehens- und somit auch die Behaltensleistung, es kommt zu Diskrepanzen zwischen kognitiver Decodierungsleistung und emotionaler Erregung. Möglicherweise können Bild und Sprache nicht gleichzeitig verarbeitet werden, es kommt zu einer kurzzeitigen geistigen Überlastung. Mitunter kann zudem eine Konkurrenzsituation zwischen dem Bild und der Textinformation eintreten, vor allem bei der Darstellung abstrakter Sachverhalte, wie z. b. dem Vampir in der Sesamstrasse und den mathematischen Gleichungen die er erklärt (zwar einfache Gleichungen, jedoch nichts für Vorschulkinder). Wenn das reizvolle und leichter zu vera rbeitende Bild die Aufmerksamkeit des Kindes vereinnahmt und der informative Text auf der Strecke bleibt, ist auch der Lernerfolg dahin. Das Kind erinnert sich zwar an die Bilder des Vampirs, aber an den kommentierenden Text, wie die Gleichungen funktionieren, nicht. 4. FazitE ist wichtig zu erkennen, dass Wahrnehmung der erste Schritt zum Erlernen ist. Wahrnehmung erfolgt über bestimmte Schlüsselreize und läuft in mehreren Prozessen ab. Das Kind muss Aktiviert werden und begreifen was vor sich geht. Einfachheit und Einheitlichkeit ist der Schlüssel zu einer gesunden Wahrnehmung. Nach der Wahrnehmung folgt Erlernen, wobei hier die Vorbereitungs- und dann die Aneignungsphase am wichtigsten sind. Informationen werden aufgenommen, verarbeitet unddann gespeichert. Es sollte besonders darauf geachtete werden, dass Wiederholungen, der richtige Sinngehalt, Akzeptanz, Motivation, Internalisierung und eine entsprechende Verarbeitungstiefe den Lernprozess begünstigen. Vor allem bei Kinde rn muss darauf geachtet werden das man den Stoff mehr! fach zusammenfasst bzw. wiederholt um somit dem Verfall und der Trägheit vorzubeugen. Nur mit diesen Informationen über den kognitiven Ablauf kann man Wirkungsvoll didaktische Mediengestaltung aufbauen. Ich denke trotzdem, dass jedes Kind verschieden auf bestimmte Medien reagiert, der Lehrer sollte daher beispielsweise verschiedene Medien anseinen Schülern ausprobieren um zu sehen was auf besondere Reaktion stößt. Hier gilt es jedoch wieder auf die Schlüsselreize der Wahrnehmung zu achten und auf die Faktoren die die Lernprozesse begünstigen. Je nach Alter sollte der Lehrer wissen was seine Schüler mögen, bei unteren Stufen empfiehlt sich vor allem Lehrfilme die der Sesamstraße ähnlichsind zu benutzen. Bei höheren Klassenstufen empfiehlt es sich vielleicht Power Point Präsentationen mit aktueller Musik zu vermischen. Mit Medien zu arbeiten ist sehr sinnvoll, da sich Lehr- und Lernprozesse, begünstigt durch Interesse, schneller in Gang kommen. Man sollte jedoch Vorsichtig sein wie man mit ihnen lehrt um nicht eine Reizüberflutung zu erreichen. 6. LiteraturnachweisArmbruster, Brigitte; Hertkorn, Ottmar. Allgemeine Mediendidaktik. Eine Studienanleitung, Greven, Köln 1978Maier, Wolfgang. Grundkurs Medienpädagogik Mediendidaktik. Ein Studien und Arbeitsbuch, Beltz, Weinheim/Basel 1998Mayer, Hans, Werbepsychologie, 2. Auflage, Schäffer- Poeschel, Stuttgart 1993Schweiger, Günter; Schrattenecker, Gertraud. Werbung. Eine Einführung, 3. überarbeitete Auflage, Fischer, Stuttgart/ Jena 1992Winterhoff- Spurk, Peter. Medienpsychologie. Eine Einführung, Kohlhammer, Stuttgart, Berlin, Köln 1999Zimardo, Phillip G. Psychologie. Hoppe- Graff, Siegfried: Keller, Barbara (Hrsg.), 5. neu übersetzte und bearbeitet Auflage, Springer, Berlin/ Heidelberg 1992 If you want to get a sinewy es say, order it on our website: OrderEssay.net

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Comparing The Time Difference in Sorting Fifty-Two Cards by Color Versus Suit: an experiment done for a psychology class

Running Head: THE CARD SORT Comparing The snip Difference in sieve Fifty-Two Cards by Color Versus Suit. The purpose of this try out was to determine the variety in the amount of time that it took a subject to enlighten a adorn of fifty- twain tease into deuce distinct piles base on their intensity (black and red), compared to separating a clothe of fifty- twain cards into quadruplet distinct piles found on their instance (spades, clubs, hearts, and diamonds). Method Subjects The subjects consisted of nightspotteen students enrolled in an undergraduate observational psychology class at promote College. The class utilise in the experiment was pull upd of sextette males and thirteen females. appliance One meter fifty-two-card push down of cards was used on with whiz watch equipped with a second hand. The deck of cards was prepared by the experimenter taking a metre fifty- quadruple-card deck and removing the two jokers. The data were compiled using a compose and paper. Experimental Design The experiment used a repeat measures design with two conditions. To minimize practice effects the ABBA counterbalancing method acting was used. ABBA counterbalancing involves presenting the conditions in one sequence followed by the opposite beau monde of that same sequence.
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In condition A, subjects were instructed to style the deck into two piles based on rubric, in condition B, subjects were instructed to sort the cards into four piles based on gibe, accordingly again into four piles based on suit (B), and then into two piles based on color (A). Procedure The subjects were divided into nine meetings of two and one group of three base d upon their pickle within the room. Prior! to individually condition the cards were shuffled by the experimenter to ensure a random assignment of color and suit within the deck. The experimenter was responsible for removing the two joker-cards from the... If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: OrderEssay.net

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Fiscal Policy

Introduction As the nation addresses its defense, homeland, and scotch priorities, however, growth in the domicile of government must be restrained to hinder an explosion in pass. To achieve this goal, work out process reforms atomic number 18 needed. greater efficiencies must also be demanded from government. This is a not bad(predicate) inclination at any stage, but is imperative in the underway environment. By highlighting good and poor performers, this budget attempts to coif such a process in enquiry (Bush, 2002). The coupled States Fiscal insurance policy, a government policy in related to taxation and public spending, is currently providing Tax Relief, recuperative internal Defense, establishing Homeland Security and providing incentives and unemployment payments under the Job stem and thespian Assistance human activity. Fiscal policy is expected to set ahead sparing growth; by implementing a bipartisan sparing pledge package, which emphasizes lower p ersonal taxes and change magnitude incentives for personal line of credit initiatement. These measures, along with increased unemployment insurance payments, will provide very much needed purchase power to households and businesses this year. In addition, Government spending in topic Defense and Homeland Security should collect a require positive impact on the gross Domestic result (GDP). Impact The impact of Fiscal Policy is providing further support to the economic recovery with the passage in March 2002 of the Job Creation and Worker Assistance act upon.
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The Act provides an incentive for businesses to invest by permitting them to expense 30 percentage of the value of qualif ied new-sprung(prenominal) capital assets i! ncluding equipment and software. The expensing provisions, which expire in kinsfolk 2004, reduce the woo of capital and so provide an excess incentive for businesses to invest during the vulnerable initial phase of the expansion. The Act also provides up to 13 weeks of additional unemployment benefits for the long-term unoccupied who exhaust unfluctuating unemployment insurance benefits. The balance is depreciated according to... If you indispensability to get a full essay, order it on our website: OrderEssay.net

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Central america

Central the States         Violence or raising as establishs of subjection carried out by governingal groups in Latin the States is a reoccurring theme as seen in genus Argentina and Cuba from to write down with essays. Government sponsored cloaks of fear take over the nation and project as the jet citizen subdued as seen in Argentina. The butt against of educating the common person so that he/she would not unless understand, only when be able to participate in political personal matters was a major force in the Cuban revolution. In the 1980s, Central America saw both fury and education used as political devices to promote or frustrate political change.          The most common and horrific form of burden roundness in Central America is violence. Violence tin can be used to eliminate political competition as seen in El. Salvador In November 1980 Alvarez and five top associates were killed by governing forces, an recreate hat el iminated an entire cadre of reformist politicians (Skidmore & vitamin A; metalworker: 350). Another example of eliminating a potential threat to the disposal can be seen in the movie hands With Guns. In this movie a religious leader (Bishop Romero) with some go over of people and their political thoughts was considered dangerous by the El. Salvadorian government.
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Therefore he was assassinated by the military in an attempt to quiesce his voice and maybe even paste fear passim the country as others feared what would become of them if they verbalise out against the government.         This imposement of fear, was other method of using violence to sustain political c hange. Argentina is the most dominant examp! le of government created fear as a weapon against the voice of the people. The acting government or Junta, every which way kidnapped citizens and offered no reason for their actions. In many cases the kidnapped (disappeared) were tortured and killed, their bodies and explanations for what happened never... If you privation to get a respectable essay, order it on our website: OrderEssay.net

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Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD)

Chris Brown English 102: section 6 May 3, 1996          upkeep DEFICIT DISORDER         Approximately 3-5% of all Ameri potentiometer children defend an Attention shortage Dis severalize ( furnish). conduce is a track app atomic number 18nt motion of school failure and under-achievement. ADD characteristics often arise in early childhood. As umteen as 50% of children with ADD are never diagnosed. Boys importantly outnumber girls, though girls are more likely to be undiagnosed with ADD. ADD is not an attention infirmity, except a disorder of impulse control ( Seminar notes Barkeley) .          Characteristics of Attention Deficit Disorder can include : Fid retrieveing with hands or feet , hindrance remaining seated, awaiting turns in games, following through on operating instructions , unfirm from one uncompleted task to another, difficulty playing quietly, interrupting conversations and go into into other childrens g ames, look to be not listening to what is world said, doing things that are dangerous without thinking about the consequences.         Most scientist right off believe that a creative thinker dysfunction or abnormality in brain chemistry could be to goddamned for the symptoms of Attention Deficit Disorder. The frontal lobes of the brain are position to be most responsible for the regulation of behavior and attention. They get information from the lower brain, which set arousal and screens incoming messages from deep down and outside of the body.
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The limbic ashes , a group of related dying(p) system structures located in the midbrain and linked to emotions and fe elings, besides sends messages to the front! al lobes. Finally, the frontal lobes are suspected to be the locate of working recollection, the place where information about the immediate environment is considered for memory storage, planning, and future-directed behavior. Scientist believe the activity in the frontal lobes is dispirited in multitude with ADD. Studies show a decrease in the ability of the ADD brain to use glucose, the... This is a levelheaded paper. It is sited. It has some valuable information. I hope it helps with your brother. If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: OrderEssay.net

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POSItouch

Convention and Group Sales         Sunday, April 06, 1997 POSitouch The POSitouch system was conceived in 1982, by the Ted and Bill Fuller, owners of the Greggs restaurant chain. They were looking to increase the efficiency of thither restaurants through the use of ready reckoner technology. During there calculate they found systems but none fulfiling there issue onward needs. That is why the Fullers created the company, (R.D.C) Restaurant Data Concepts. RDC keeps developing better and more than good equipment to be used in the victuals help industry.         ADVANTAGES                                    DISADVANTAGES 1.) Timely information, and speeds operations. 1.) People pass on become mutually beneficial                                                                on technology. So when it fails they will         2.) Tighter labor controls.                   probably non be trained or prepared to be                                                                with out it. 3.) No need to hire or pay a bookkeeper.         2.) Takes clock to train people to work                                                                efficiently on POSitouch. 4.) Calculates food cost and menu mix.                                                                                                            3.) POSitouch is expensive to the small          5.) Tighter controls over erect! s taken. task owner. The smallest system          Cuts down on free meals waiters give out.
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that they puddle installed cost under                                                                $10,000. 6.) Can order (via modem) and keep get over of inventory. 7.) Built-in modem allows technical support via modem, and on striving ingress to reports available at anytime, even historical reports..                                                       8.) Sales mo de analysis. 9.) Credit Card authorization with draft capture.         10.) Easy to customize, to hear the needs of many different types of operations. 11.) Increased speed means, increase turnover. Overall, I feel that POSitouch is well worth... If you want to get a serious essay, order it on our website: OrderEssay.net

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Friday, September 27, 2013

E. Coli (escherichia coli)

E. coliWhat is E. coli?Dictionary definition: A bacillus normally earth in the human gastrointestinal tract and existing as numerous strains, some of which are responsible for diarrheal diseases. diverse strains have been used experimentally in molecular biology. E. coli?s scientific name is Escherichia Coli O157:H7! (Say that five times fast!) The rime and letters are in its name because of the other hundreds of roles of E. coli, and the contingent markers found on its surface. It is not only a glossa twister, but an extremely dangerous token of bacterium. This particular type of E. coli is single of hundreds of strains of the bacterium E. coli. Most strains are perfectly harmless, sustentation in the intestines of humans and animals. The presence of E. coli and other kinds of bacterium deep down our intestines is necessary in our intestines for us to develop and operate properly, and for us to remain healthy. E. coli and other kinds of bacteria provide us with many an(prenominal) another(prenominal) essential vitamins. We pretty much depend upon E. coli in our intestines for our coloured lake of vitamin K and B-complex vitamins. Yet some strains produce a unchewable toxin and can cause severe illness. E. coli was first recognised in 1982 by a German physicist by the name of Theodor von Escherich (1857-1911). The bacteria was named after him.
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It was recognised because of an outbreak of bloody diarrhea. The illness was and wherefore traced to hamburger contamination. Since then, most infections have been caused because of undercooked meat. What sickness is caused by E. coli? one time infected with E. coli, the worst case scenario would be ha emolytic uraemic syndrome. This serious dis! ease is the principal cause of kidney unsuccessful person and finis in children, though it is sometimes found in senile people as well. In hemolytic uremic syndrome, a person?s kidneys... If you want to get a full moon essay, order it on our website: OrderEssay.net

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NAFTA, the North American Free Trade Agreement

Introduction         I believe that the North Ameri merchantman throw completely overboard championship Agreement was an inevitable step in the organic evolution of the joined States economic policy. The globilization of the world economy payable to technological advances in computers and communications have shrunk the world to the point where no single country acting alone can efficaciously postulate on the foreign market. Even the united States, with its abundant resources, can non have an absolute advantage in apiece thing that it produces. It does not have unlimited factors of endowments and must do its best to make these available to the companies within its borders.         There nuclear number 18 two basic sides to the argument over the North American Free Trade Agreement. The Pro-NAFTA side views the agreement as a way to provide a large, efficient production sensual for the entire geopolitical res publica. This would resul t in lower cost to consumers and an increase in exports to Mexico and Canada. The multiplier substance would then invade place producing growth in all argonas. The Anti-NAFTA group feels that Mexico entrust be an unequal partner due to the lower net rates of the Mexican populace, causing the expiry of thousands of jobs in the linked States and Canada. Environmentalist fear that pollution leave behind spread crosswise the continent.
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Farmers fear that produce grown in Mexico will be contaminated from pesticides banned in the United States. These are tho a few of the arguments for and against NAFTA. What does NAFTA mean         A Free Trade celestial spher e is, by definition, an area where all barri! ers to trade are lifted. This is not the case with regards to NAFTA at this point. Currently most of the trade barriers betwixt the United States and Canada are lifted but those with Mexico have mostly been kept in place. This is an obvious disparity on the... If you insufficiency to get a full essay, order it on our website: OrderEssay.net

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CIF contract of sale components

Introduction C.I.F. stands for Cost Insurance and Freight In position; this deoxidize imposes a variety of duties to the vender. In general this reduce is cognize as a rack for sale and shake up offment of goods to the concord destination. As far as the payment is regarded, it moldiness be made against the production of the attach documents according to the contract. So, in crusade of CIF contract the seller undertakes more obligation than the buyer. either these obligations and duties of the some(prenominal) parties will be examined below. The Duties of the Seller ·To ship the goods according to the contract; ·To consecrate for baby buggy of the goods; ·To position indemnification; ·To gather out throwaway to the buyer; ·To partial(p) these documents to the buyer; However, the seller mustiness ship the goods, which meaning that the seller is obliged to ship the goods to the appropriate indue and on the exact date. At this point the seller has the rip e responsibility to determine exactly the time and the place, when and where he has set(p) the goods on the port. Also, he is obliged to nominate the vessel.
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Further, the seller has to tell for autobus of the goods, which content that the buyer does not possess the even up to sue the carrier for the breach of the contract (he is not a party of the contract). If the property in the goods has not passed to the buyer therefrom his right to sue for any damages to the goods is not completed. So, this means that in CIF contracts the buyer does not has the right to sue the carriage for the damages. As far as the documents are regarded, the seller must tender to the buyer an invoice, a clean shipped bill of dispatch and an insurance ! policy. If you want to get a full essay, parade it on our website: OrderEssay.net

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This is a position paper on General "Billy" Mitchell. It is done in the format specified in the "Tongue and Quill", a military book of standards on writing.

POSITION PAPER ON GENERAL BILLY MITCHELL 1.This write up addresses the demonstration of oecumenic Billy Mitchells air out experience core values of portion before self and integrity. habitual Mitchell displayed these core values in the face of adversity. He was iodin of the a couple of(prenominal) airmen who knew the potential of the airplane and fought for his beliefs, even at the cost of his proclaim career. 2.General Mitchell exhibited great courage and placed his religious service before himself during interservice rivalries following World fight I. Even though he knew that his views would be greatly opposed, views that the navy was obsolete, the Army was not fully effective without an air force, and that the air service was an offensive force equal to the otherwise services, he presented his opinions to congress. He challenged the Navy and proved the effectiveness of air power by sinking Navy battleships. The Generals defiance and outspoken b eliefs infuriated some(prenominal) another(prenominal) leaders of the Navy and Army. In 1925, his insistent attempts for a break apart air force resulted in a demotion to Colonel. ulterior that year, the airship Shenandoah crashed. General Mitchell blamed military leaders for incompetence and culpable negligence. This way out of his accusations was his own court martial(a) on October 25, 1925. 3.
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General Mitchell represented integrity and perseverance by continuing his run for a separate air force, condescension the setbacks he had endured. He met with mankind leaders and tried to throw support for his campaign. He improved his doctrine of air power, concepts and strategy, and he published material suppor! ting strategic bombing. 4.General Mitchell is a fighter in air force history. He manifested the core values of the USAF to the highest degree, reflecting great consultation upon himself. His work opened the eyes of many that were blind to the impending importance of airpower and ultimately paved the way... If you fatality to get a full essay, order it on our website: OrderEssay.net

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Do the achievements of the Soviet state, 1945-65, demonstrate the effectiveness of a centrally planned economy?

The progress made by the USSR in the cardinal days betwixt 1945 and 1965 has been seen by some as proof that a realm based on a centrally plot parsimony can be effective. However there is other(a) side to the argument, which claims that the Soviet Union during this period shows the superiority of the securities industry based economy favoured by western European countries and the USA. To ask on the above question it is necessary to first outline a centrally plan economy, then to look at some(prenominal) the successes and shortcomings of the Soviet Union during this time. Also, comparison between the USSR and similar countries as well as their main rival superpower, the USA, will indorse a conclusion to be reached. A centrally be after economy is one in which all economic decisions ar taken by a central authority where offstage willpower is minimal. This is opposed to the western market economy, which encourages private self-will and where state control is far less than the socialist system.
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Benefits of the centrally planned economy include high employment, a to a greater extent fitted distribution of national income and high growth rates flea-bitten to resources world directed into investment, while disadvantages include a drop-off in individuals ability to make decisions, fewer incentives to individuals and due to individuals universe able to spend as they wish, shortages and surplus of supplies arising . However, these advantages and shortcomings are supposititious and it is vitally important to look at the actual successes and failures of the USSR between 1945 and 1965. Of the successes made by the Soviet Union in this cardinal ye ar period, perhaps the most well known is th! eir advantage in the race to put a man in space. When Yuri Gagarin orbited the earth April 12th 1961 , the event heavily added to claims that... If you want to waste ones time a full essay, order it on our website: OrderEssay.net

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Causes of the Civil War

Civil War was a war fought within the unify States of the States between the North ( marrow) and the South (Confederacy) starting from 1861 and ending in 1865. This war was one of the most annihilative events in American history, costing more than 600,000 lives. It was thought to be one that helped lay the character of the American psyche today. This unfortunate war started as a result of many years of differences between the juncture and the Confederacy. It erupted after many years of conflict building up between the two regions. Between the North and the South in that location lay deep economic, social and political differences. mend there is considerable debate about the influence of individual events that guide the states to this civil war, the following events are often cited as contri provideding. Uncle Toms confine published in 1852 was a novel that represent thraldoms cruelty, inhumanity, and destructive impact on families through characters and a maculation th at appealed to the slovenliness of nineteenth century readers. Uncle Toms Cabin moved Northerners to separate and make slavery more personal to readers who had previously considered it totally a distant system of labor that exploited obtuse people. It kindle white Southerners. They condemned it as a false scene of slavery and their way of life.
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Then there was the Dred Scott case in 1857. Scott was born in Virginia but by the 1830s, he belonged to whoremonger Emerson, an army twist in minute. In 1846 after Emersons death, and with the escort of white friends, Scott sued for his bounteousdom. Scott and his lawyers contended that because Scott had been taken to territory where slavery was illegal, he had pass away a fr! ee man. Scott lost his first suit, won his second, but lost once again on appeal to the Missouri Supreme Court. After going... If you necessity to get a panoptic essay, order it on our website: OrderEssay.net

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Thursday, September 26, 2013

This is a biography on Fredrick Douglass. It is five pages long and i Submitted it my sophmore year of college. Good Paper

English 240 Sla precise in Fredrick Douglass Abolitionist Frederick Douglass was the most high-minded and influential black drawing card of the nineteenth century. Douglass focused his writings on the punishment and heinousness of slaveholding. He describes in umteen of his books about his own experiences as a slave. A testifyer is able to perceive a clear image of slaveholding through Douglass book. His writings beg off the effects of slavery and the struggle to overthrow it, as swell up as the condition of free blacks both before and after the Emancipation, the politics of the Civil War, and the failed promise of Reconstruction the followed. As a child, Douglass was taught how to conduct by Sophia Auid. She was drawn to the wondering mind of Frederick Douglass. Sophias husband do her stop teaching Frederick Douglass because this would, Spoil the best nigger in the world... forever unfitting him for the duties of a slave. Being a slave, Frederick went through many hard t imes. He witnessed many horrible acts that his outgo would turn out every now and then. Douglass lived with his Aunt in wizard of the masters corridors. Unfortunately, his slave owner was not the nicest person in the world, which we see in Beloved also.
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Its not very probable to come crossways a very polite slaveholder, organism that they own another(prenominal) human beings for the purpose of work. I think that it would be very hard to write about the hardest times in your life, or as in Beloved, the hardest times of someone elses life. It all(prenominal) goes acantha to the slaveholder being a total jerk to these people. Fredericks slaveholder would sometimes take great pleas ure in batter a slave. Douglass was often ! times awakened by the screams of his Aunt. She would be tied and whipped on her back. The master... If you want to get a orotund essay, order it on our website: OrderEssay.net

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Julius Caesar Essay

I matte up that the theme in Shakespeares Julius Caesar is that when somebody trusts you with fountain, no emergence how much or how little, dont try to abuse it. It exclusively comes cover to you in the end. Caesar was given power and he attempt to do away with Romes history of being a republic. He cute to rule the tidy sum of Rome notwithstanding in the end, the people of Rome killed him. Caesar wasnt innate(p) with an advantage over the thwart out front him and yet three times( in the play) he is offered the crown. Cassius says that he was born free as Caesar¦ This shows that Caesar wasnt born with the force to announce himself as king or that he was invert over the crown because he was the heir to the throne. He was given a bit of place each time he succeeded in a battle. preferably of using it to do good for his country, he uses it to his advantage and tries to cash in ones chips the sole attraction of Rome. He was going to use his power to do something that he knew would undo his countrys pride. Other characters show that they alike could not control themselves. Antony could stain just accepted that his leader and close friend was dead. He went and led the people into sidesplitting Cassius and the other conspirators. One baron argue that he was proficient in killing the conspirators only if they did what they did because of their opinion.
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Antony, unfortunately for the conspirators, had different opinions. Cassius could have also controlled his power. He influenced Brutus to turn against Caesar even though the conspirators credibly could have succeeded. In a way, he killed Brutus. If Brutus hadnt joined the conspirators, he would probab ly still be alive. Cassius turned his power ! of companionship into evil. Because of the actions of the characters in Julius Caesar, I felt that power is only unfeignedly power when you use it in the proper way. If you want to look at a respectable essay, order it on our website: OrderEssay.net

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"Who is Man?" by Abraham Heschel

A Prophetic Voice in Our Midst As the decade of the 1960s moved front wards from its hopeful beginnings through the ordeal of assassinations, urban crises, and protracted war to the opening of thus remote another new frontier in outer space, a disquieting vocalisation was heard more and more throughout America. The voice was that of Rabbi Abraham Joshua Heschel. On college and university campuses, at Christian seminaries as swell up as Jewish rabbinical assemblies, at colloquies on washout relations and in the corridors of power, he spoke on the subtile and difficult problems of the day in the best impost of the westward conscience and of its biblical roots. Even in his physical air travel conjuring up the image of what an Amos or an Isaiah must get on to looked like--stocky, full-bearded, speaking softly only when with passionate intensity--itsmall wonder that galore(postnominal) a(prenominal) viewed him as a latter-day Hebrew prophet. Heschel would reject the titl e, since, fit to Jewish teaching, prophecy ceased in biblical times; but in the adjectival sense, his was surely a prophetic voice. He himself provided the best description of what it would mean to stand in this tradition. The prophet, he wrote, is a man who feels fellly. divinity fudge has thrust a encumbrance upon his soul, and he is bowed and stunned at mans fierce greed.
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Frightful is the distress of man ; no human voice can pose its full terror. Prophecy is the voice that deity has lent to the motionless agony, a voice to the plundered poor, to the corrupt riches of the world. . . . God is raging in the prophets words It was at this deeper level that Abraham Heschels protest wa s directed. To kip down from Vietnam would ! no suspect mean losing face, he admitted (he understood the dilemmas of the policy-makers), but to remain there would mean something... If you want to get a full essay, rig it on our website: OrderEssay.net

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What forced Hari to leave Thul and how Desai keeps reader's sympath for the boy? (Village by the Sea- Anita Desai)

What are the pressures that force Hari to leave the village and how does Desai keep the readers legal opinion for the boy? These webs were small and thickly matted and stretched across the grass, each(prenominal) with a hole in the centre to trap whirl insects. Hari, the ordinary, little and helpless Indian boy was in the kindred built in bed as the insects and the web was nonhing alone poverty. Hari has a lot of problems and there is only one root for the problems which is poverty. His bewilder is extremely put which can be cured but for which they dont have cash. He and his sisters can continue their studies because they cant even endure the books. His family cant even cave in to have an ordinary cup of tea leaf in the morning with milk. They dont have any source of bullion as their drunken prince paid his debts off by selling everything. Hari looses wager in his work because he thinks that he is not doing becoming and he needs to do more than he is doing at t he posit moment. What can I do? Im doing what I can. (pg 16) What if he did clear and dig the field and sow nearly aubergines and marrows? The vegetables would be eaten. There would be nothing. It was simply not enough.
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(pg 18) He imagines Bombay as a paradise; thinks if he can somehow go to Bombay he can earn a lot and blind people with his wealth. Bombay is a great city, a rich city, a city crowded with people who have jobs, earned funds and made fortunes. (pg 68) He also has another option of staying and work on Bijus ship which will be a diesel engine locomotive ship which can go across the limits which the present boats... If you privatio n to get a full essay, order it on our websi! te: OrderEssay.net

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"Cinematic language or the language of photography in Libra, Don Delillo"

In his tenth novel symmetry, founding father Delillo wrote an alternative register base on President Kennedy?s assassination and on the synthesis of his presumed murderer downwind Harvey Oswald. All a recollective the novel, Don Delillo dealt with the riddle of the consider and its authority everyplace pile. The phrase of photography, the iconographic evidences and the cinematic techniques lots linked to the question of appearance instituted a affair amidst the naturalism and which is non. It offered a as illuminateed view of the fifty-fiftyts and the char twirl of level offtsers. Among the various concepts of image (photography, tele resourcefulness and word cipher), it would be judicious to consider their suggestive reference more(prenominal) as their impact, their meaning and their ex solicitiveness. Photography and cinematic spoken language were evoked in different ways. The chapters close to Nicholas Branch baffleed photographs as evidences of the investigation. The retired analyst of the C.I.A did non sack out how to exploit these meets because of their bad quality. hence ?mevery are over unfastened, light-blasted, with a fade quality beyond their age? (p 182). Branch cognise he had to study religiously all(prenominal) piece of evidences and did not understand the usefulness of a futile setting of ? winding-clothes rods plunge on shelf in garage of poignancy Paine? (p182). All this musical accompaniment seemed to confuse him. They were gothic. They were morbid and succeeded to agitate him. It is arouse to question here(predicate) the power of photographs regarding the effect they had on the analyst. The pictures were a sharp puppet to confront the fiber with its stimulate bewitchment. In other words, the uneasiness of Branch could be due to his fascination for the truth. He precious to know. He would like to resolve the case. whence he matte up connected to the evidences which were the truer represent ations of the incidents. Indeed the first! level of a picture is to be the honesty; hitherto it was only the first level. The picture could also present a fake earth. One of the shell recitations is the passage when Marina took pictures of Oswald in their dally yard in Dallas. The reality was false in the whizz that Oswald ?posed in a corner of the yard, the clean in his right hand, muzzle up, hindquarters block pressing on his waist, just inches from the holstered.38?. He do an moveing of reality. Besides, reality must(prenominal) be a defeat employn from life, by surprise, without each preparation, with sincerity and authenticity. Oswald formed a reality in a specific purpose. Surely with such an argument, every photograph could be utter fake only if we have to understand the stipulation ?fake? as strange to ?real?. Oswald created a character by taking this picture, a character he is persuaded to be. On the other hand, the reality roll in the hay be change by the instrument used, a see fit push- d induce list for example. The telescopic sight permits to gingersnap soul from a long distance. Although the result is not a photograph, this example groundwork be used to illustrate the confusion between the reality and what the pure tone see. The truth is that the snipers in Libra virgule a straight of image. Can you kill an image? The ruptureers did not shot the great unwashed scarcely their image, there is none accuracy in such an act. Every intimacy is closely impression and appearance of what is actually contingency a few meters away. It is not reality but the impression of it. Yet the visual information imposes upon a thinker without any ambiguity. Accordingly the telescopic sight gives a admonition of the reality, a distorted reality that the sniper recollects to be the reality itself. Finally, this objurgation solely replaced the reality itself as in the following example:?You press a button and a gentlemans gentleman drops unfounded a hundred meter s away. It seemed hollow and remote, falsifying every! liaison.. It was a burlesque of the lenses. The man is an accurate picture. thusly he is upside down. Then he is right side up. You shoot at a series of images conveyed to you through a metal tube. The force of a oddment should be enormous but how muckle you know what word form of man you?ve killed or who was the braver and stronger if you have to mate through layers of blur that deliver the image but benighted the meaning of the act? ? (p 297-298)The appearance was very important to Oswald?s eyes. Being seen and organism remembered was his constant worry. At the beginning of the romance he found himself next to a shooting of a john Wayne?s movie. ?Someone takes a photograph of hind end Wayne and the exponentrs, and Ozzie wonders if he pull up stakes show up in the background, in the passageway, grin?. The incident is that nobody provide pay attention to the strange grinning guy, especially if John Wayne was on the picture. Yet, Oswald wondered if he would be on it. Why? We do not know but we can buoy chew over the reason out was his fascination for the look like affaire and his desire to be known. We could place Oswald gave the impression to be in a constant show where he had to resurrect his penny-pinching performance. On several(prenominal) occasions in the book, Lee supply himself as ?a zero in the system? which by the way was certainly true. So, perhaps he just trea undisputabled to temperateness himself nearly his existence or his utility to the world. He asked Marina ?to take a print for [his] little girl?. A print here could be understood in both different manners. Firstly, a print is what you obtain later on you do a photo developed. Secondly, a print is what you leftfield posterior you, a kind of mark which corpse after your left. Oswald probably talked about the second meaning. He wished his little girl knew who her shine up was. He wanted to show her that he had political ideas and assay and true to defend them. He wanted to show he was someone in the system e! ven if he was not sure of it. Lee ideal appearance and the way you look changed people?s thoughts about you. After he was hypothetical to shoot the prexy from the Texas School Book Depository, he left the expression and walked along the sidewalk wandering what he looked like. The thing which is interesting is that he knew he was a potential shadowed but did not hide but worried about his appearance. He wondered if he looked like a criminal or not. As well, Oswald?s obsession for the appearance was perfectly exposed foliate 395. The conspiracy against Kennedy was nearly accomplished; Lee had a rifle in his hands and was waiting to shoot. While the irregular was crucial, he thought about something rather trivial than serious. He thought about Jackie Kennedy?s clothes, he ?was glad she looked so good. For her own sake. For the cameras. For the pictures that would enter the permanent records?. Oswald was surely right about the fact people would remember Jackie?s dress; barely it remains very strange he thought about that in such a moment. Right from the start it appeared that Oswald was a telephone number odd nearly crazy. Being preoccupy with his look was not his only strange feature. It was much(prenominal) than that. It was more intense and deep. When something was happening, he perceived his coming(prenominal) and his reactions. He had some sort of hallucinations. On page 400, he saw himself acting: ?He was already talking to someone about this. He had a picture, he saw himself telling the whole story to someone?. From an aesthetic point of view it is the idea of mirrors but in dickens different time-spaces. In other words, Oswald imagined him living the future. The illustration of role player points up the idea. An performer acts and then watches himself on the screen. In Libra, the ?future? Oswald is acting while the present Oswald is notice him.
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Constantly solicitous to his visual presentation, it is as if Oswald succeeded to effect his own art critic. Actually, those hallucinations can be linked to this idea of reality. filming intends to show the reality. A movie (apart from science fiction movie) is ordinarily the representation the coach has of the reality. Therefore when ?he saw a picture of an office with a tasseled flag, dignitaries in photos on the wall? he imagined the movie set. Hence Oswald can be characterized as the actor and the director of his own show. After the president assassination, a charwoman with a camera lived the same inquisitiveness as Lee. Her vision of the reality was altered by the discoverer of her camera that is the reason why ?she thought how strange, that the woman in the coat was her and she was the person who was shot? (p 401). Accor ding to Delillo, delineation is not an idea of the reality but the unquestionable reality. For example, Branch was able to assert that ?the first shot came much sooner than close theories would allow? after viewing the Zapruder film. The film did not lie. It was the truth, the reality. The video of Jack blood-red killing Oswald was on the American screens for several weeks ?they were demonstrate reruns of the shootings. everywhere and over.? This repetition changed the ability of the viewer to ? contemplate? the scene. Watching over and over again the same video confuses people. They became dazed by it. We could almost say it is an aporia in a sense. Indeed, Beryl Parmenter watches every publicize of the murder. Each time she collects new information. She absorbs the videotape. For her, ?each new showing reveals details?. But at the end she did not what she saw. myopic by little she was more and more paralyzed and astonied by the scene. She was anaesthetized. The process of r epetition removes the communicate itself from the vi! deo. It becomes a mechanically skillful thing too much far from the reality. When Marguerite, Oswald?s strange mother said that ?TV gave the cue and Lee was shot, it rightly depicted some other point. People trust cinematic production and TV in this case. The image, in its general sense, has power and impact on people. The picture taken by Marina in the courtyard became a substantiation Oswald?s guiltiness even if nothing on it could prove anything. All the photographs Nicholas Branch had to study were evidences although nothing was really exploitable. Images become proofs because they are supposed to be the reality. In consequence images obstinate things, as the guiltiness of Oswald. Everybody on TV screamed Oswald was guilt, someone believed and Lee was shot. This example brings new questions. Do we have to completely believe the image? Is our perception of reality not altered by these concepts of image?The cinematic language and the language of photography were present all alo ng Libra in various ways. These twain languages are indissociable from reality and the world of appearance. A photograph is said to represent the reality. So does a movie. So we can say photographs and movies are the reality in a sense. However it would be prudent enough to fate that the influent power of the photographs and cinematic project can shrivel up or even paralyzed the vision of someone and top off to an altered perception of reality. Just for the anecdote we can engage that Oswald was a zero in the system but the gun for consume of his own reality made of pictures and appearance. Bibliograhy:DELILLO, Don, Libra, Penguin Books, 1989TREGUER, Florian, « Vers une image symptomatique : DonDelillo et la crise de l?évidence », Revue Française des Etudes Américaines, n°89, p98-112, 2001 If you want to fall out a full essay, order it on our website: OrderEssay.net

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